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BY JEROME ELLISON T€ *i# DRtrBgK
: .c’ ^ 6:.) :-: – . ^’ l. Q:c’+j” e’ ;-. ‘l::= -al-iici’.15 ar. A.A. CC[lES CF AGE. iraiii:.es r’Jrhr. l. Dire: Io-‘s:’ris”l b’,” es!ing 40C cf his ii’:e pr-rdiEies c{ seliiess se i”vice perfcrmed by me n’oers …,=:iii.., ‘:rieris ;s !ir.e :i Ne rv \,’lii<‘: Urlcr -e3?,re Clrc nsve had 3 5iunr.ing impact cn a basicalil; me-iir-:i scciely. .3il: rsar:bcrl a snci:l;, oi ir’rircverlslied Cr,.lnk-r cailei P.=ss cie.gr eai the cro{essicns heve faiien c'”‘er cne .Ai::i: i:: Ar.ci’..,r-.its- A- r!=l i:rr* ihe iellcr'”snilt had .3aa:-ef ic i:?if i r).:r:= cr iie drunk: whc”ioun<j a rv:!:ui. i:.-:. s-r-,!qlrrq alcng icr: l,i:1,:.iare ihn’ :1-‘ -4a.:’ ,or: i:.: i;”.! “rrr: ii hes been almcsi bad rrl:-=-,’: –J -.:l : -:-:-ej -a-a.-:. -..:e a.t cl A.A. r :r’, i:,:r- reveren-i iei”nrs. :-‘ j -: .- ;- -: i]’ * ‘-::.–,:: j — tl=’,:’ f1;p’. 111r’;”,-1,sr i: rs.: p.;bli: ins-r’,iliicrr and sublecl i: -lhe rie sorne s:rrlir’,, :ccc,-cied aiisi- aamrnlriiy voiuri*er ij’es,cai-,a,i–1,,i :ere::r-ii’;; 5s”-;ie -ticted Il’ fc’- ‘l–‘lrlpa’; cj ll’e’r ‘lffe’ i’l . :^.. – : -^ –‘ l …A .^-^,-. . -over :ra:ts”CtCS cnc :::l clilsi! q,:ve iin;r’e-‘gi’r’3 -‘.=r1l1r1i5r -ite as’erbiti .f’! -: i,,”: Y –* .:!ei:iarae .=li r3ca”€t’-‘. ” =jl ireici’:5..ihc:c C,CCC r’ ihen. Tl;v l.ve be.cire di i,:rair:s’ri:”e imi:i:::ec :na iie e::-‘occ::15 iiq;13j iheil ..csi *: r”ucl’ :- r:ri c{ ihe:cr:rrunliy:cere as ihe visiiing sc,: er,.”- ii:.arcral ir:,.lbles v/ere .;vei. B!i, w:ndinc Li! +he rirrse ard +he :ire c!e:arin eni, whlch rhe.; son-ervhat iee..,.-.n ra. I’re l-ci’t e”rr=s:ej hi: {aihe.’- belief t’nar i,lLr.teY :emble. in a pcnuiaiicn icn:eiri:.:g E0 miliion users oi -… elcrhci ani 6 nrillcr: ceres oi ac.iive alcchoiisn ine’,’ ‘.o,,io be a ccci +hinq fcr a moveineni based cn “1+ reeis cr’:iy c,;r gccLi wril.’ Tns olr- .’9:ic.’l d: :ac=s,a’ : li:-. i. -‘; ;’-l’,c’ d: :he Clctsei:iess serr,’c; l,lnai.e: wen, hor,e – wi”:ic,-r* leinq asLed ic ccnir ibut-e. 3-:.c. ; – ^: -,= ‘. ,:’ laa’: l!c;v.:wery-f31i ‘r’eiil: c,icei- anC *.,lil: e tr:roe”r: /:^.. I -,: ‘-: i:l .rii’.;., “1” f ,-:.a;1li A.i. :: -:’-i. :r i:: :’*. rlgl+. ]::,:,,e :”’i:’.’.’. l:l- ,:-. lr-:c:::: r”ci,:i:ci:s.:nC r;a ir’.:rr<s. ihc’:ch ir:eli -,ciri:.: lii:s le.ge r lrar $ lCji, =cre’r’ :lcurs ‘ i:r r’r- r– r.r: r-,:,,ecii’leI :;.o -.ci.e.l,re: ;n-: il.iei *c’u-ai A.A. ;irile: -a-,:c,.r..:ai! :: iie iiie ii licfe :na;r SnCC !’e'” l:::: ‘i:e:ac;si: arc ii:cri:rs:: oeirl ii -iirc-cr classlcai t C:’ :r-: .A,.A. ,loe:i’: iai:i. i;) i1;’t .l’h:l rc co ‘CC !vrtn’r,* aii. .:- I _.. j – L: Ci:i-?-l:e-” :-e r’=.
C,’:= .-‘ ;…lr :::.:: $?1 CllC ii::. i. brir; iiC ceieqlie-‘ -r.ir*. – 3L : i ‘-l ‘ i – F-::: ” ,i’r:.g ne a ; Iara r: lcl:-:i,rE A.A. !e:i’.’ ir -r-‘ ‘!]is’ j -‘ i:.:::; ; r ‘: N=”:,’ ‘:’:’o :’:,r’=1. ir ,l:: i:,:se:i – — a – -r!:’,:: i:–.4, . c-+;ei’ -arrei Rci:,:i ii., .: :icl’: A:’r:’l::i . t :. i.-. ; — *- ‘- ‘ ‘ -” r : . – -” ‘- .-,”–; a:.ar’a o1,1,1″a;,c i:rrll:ail.,’:eeitlnc – c!re. Aii:: er I :rt:.1 i;:;i:*ri:s :ii: :laif’ji:a: :l:let lei’a ‘ I — :::!,ra. -i -.-r–:=r- .rli ::lC F’r-1.:;’i P. lr:- : a: r ‘ I .l ‘— ::::aii!r: ::i-.=irli.q 3re iEilai cn .1 aa’n,tlis-‘ : -‘a,i a,=a: i.tr, ta. r;:l -.a- Ir+r, aslec lta aas:e.ale le’iieni ;.,r:: j.ee-,:.1-+ r’riier: t:rcll.:-e a rcl:tti” 3-i,-‘i 1 ;lJ *i:. c;r,a? ieila;-‘-,.: reil:::.;s c:1Yal-:iai ci:c:ll= l;aii, -;:l :-.,irlirj :r:,:’+.. :lil:i:: ::;:::: ard a+fia’.lx: ri :1; i”-1 ..- : ..: :. – . : .t : . – L – – l-c i
i 1″.- ::i .,..:,i a,-*:: rsie-sa: -: – -] – lr:i 1″=.; aar:,: seei’i.. :an:l-:,:’. ;;,i,r”e,^l :tr-‘a’– –,11fIl1r.i *–.r:-.– :.j r.:e ,Q.,:i;,:: !. .teri ‘: Ir:i,:ri: i:”:el;re La,:;:rc -ihele l:*:e1..trii.i:13i3i…-..i].:.l].irr]el]e:’-i,’:: l.,,ji,:v;;;1;;. :a; -r,trae. -,1: . =:L’l ar : ‘ .: t Y’lti. : . :.. “: -:- . -: , ; .: i:: ,-c,i, —; ^:: a::aCraIi:: ;,-i r-: Ciir,:. i’.:::::’,::i :::r,,::, i-,..:::–ra:: :an r=rr’De:s. !*r’r lt’. I — “^::- -:i r:; c*iiicrlcr” iniei*ir i,: c:’-^: ‘e lrl::’:s. C — –; –e., ‘– :* ;:.:-:::a,r,,,: a: : lia:: aqel i a:a ‘;-1-i ii::l :laii:g:’, i:,:,.,: l , c:llie.j :i: f ai.j: .i rliir t. 5 ‘re r S-.=-‘: i:i.–i “: ,. ,-,,i1-: t r J:., i ;.3j. i’,11 ;-t;r;-;,rile -.el,lt;*: i;i,r,re :rt : ,i:a:: :lc::::iec :.. ::t -.- . – – a: = :,:::;:;lll: :li.; ;..,: r: *a?l:. ll: ,:;l ci:le r::n*i’.!fa- – : -‘-.:l .;,=–1.,- :!l!ica. r,..’r-.:=-.,-, v= !;r!= E -r -,r ‘-,,r,r,. 1 j — .:.rri5.i.:: – – 3ii: tl. –: ‘. – .L -. ‘ :.. .-: . – : . : 1:’-,a, 5]-ai :le:,i iic:rra: in :ie :;,-i*’ c+’xia..;sa i-na;-e ….–.^:,.;…–.:.-i–afa:iaa.ia :.:*a: ::’1i:::-:.jC ,l !iiliq .l:li l! :la irErn’
..:t:,, ::. i:11:;.:,1 i-. j.. iii:i li., ii+ 1na!-.r:-ei”i :.,.::o’tl:,q i:,,,,nc :,-= egi: r rrr’::r;” ii:* C:ri,,’i,: i’,’ia,;l;;:, – :: j rl :-:-. i:rrc:., —<Jas 3r!-;:.ii.: t:: aCa – yeai – sir.r ij .: i:::-,.,es; ;-:l :i Aiic.l” i:t: le – ll,*i’: oe-o : lC*.,-an:j’ I
::-.:-ej,”:i rei’:bl.:”,i,. :i)ij aai o€gaUdqe – .-.;1 1..’-;.1 i;E; iir c,c:ri, i: ri’ysici:,” !’-, :::’,-, ‘) -‘– :r;c ii::rderi j..- .i-: ‘l –l “ir’:: .:,:,<.: – ,{.Cl::CLiCS A’liCitv: iar S .rrit11-cli: ,3.11i,,-;,,,. .:r,:l :j +11 .nav’.’::4.- :,r,;1. ;.;–,-.; ,. rir lv-.’al\.= S:IlS Ai.l i) -i ,.;L’.Vl liiA ;{,1::i- l. :r:: :aa-. :a :Y::-r. I Th E
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‘, ‘- ” : -‘- __- – :- a.’l:::.aaeL,€,.’ iha: ihe ac:users were – nyfi’,nnc-3′:’ : s:ri:c”cr-“:.: aii a nreqniomanlec’ l cbserve: ^::i:tq ) J -.oz’ .!aA:. – : r-
.”; -l: h,., .];r;r Aleranae’ :- -:: SA:- RDA’/ E\’/[\li”G .c srbsie n; ;-: :i’;’ oi ihese c.f arce:. Hcwe’rer titr’3 “! 3: :C.,Sf of i\,4arcf. i , i9L,. -=- .e:”. 3:e’ i-l e.-ce’i’ t ‘r’/-i r”rc lnclln:li:r -:warci ihe “{ea.iess ond see rching nTCra -: -l 51 OCC: In l-er -:’: =3′: : ;1’3’ec ‘1-3’ iliErrce inventcr,, ” “.-:rrerde i by A.A. 5 T'”.relve S.gge .ied …,.-t–‘i-‘.j i1a’a”3:”3-: r:;’:::i b”ge 5el!^ P,3′ – x: ‘::a”i rc* ,rei enclecl B) uq- Sieps. ..,,-i –: ::::ea: cj 3 -fhe The ncr-eicchoiic bcard of irusiees respcnsible for- na- .”ar. ‘= :a. :c ””a c-‘c’ iniu:”‘,’ ciee:ed ewai I I
.e-:i- -? r=:-..’1-, c: :f,e sale ci b,:o:e. Salura’iion ad’ iionai p;irc’, rvas uil,-aconserv:iive ione member, Archibald Rooseveli had {ur-nlshei iiier-5iL::-e’icr disir:bu’ilcn I
i/a.-:. .,– -‘<:.’:-.=) ire s.c.a3ches io. the ma]cr cities I
by ihe i:lr fi ‘-a $3grsir,rl and ihl:, I repcr.ied’ hac servei I
pcpuo”,l-. – u-a j-.. – ..,,. sri; i,1t’l:: ar,i s.rbarcl*<J ihe I
r!=r a:-rs :c jr rk. Ccn:ur*llon urr:l i’i ihe rcve r”re ni lo:rlv. The ‘ccerd’s rigid conservairsn was I
aag r;^ “^” .eileciecl i. a rirnL:r ci u,.llortu”a’ie pciicies the rnosi I
.-…’hetr -he..e!9.r i,c’;:e::i i cililcr qua:1s ci I sCir-if: ,riicus cf rrhich was a iacii erdcrsemenl c{ r;ciei secte- 2 5i iicr c;di-: aj “”,r-o :ia i2 oll lcr ci:aris oi beei e ‘}’eer’ l^” ‘.rr”r 3-olo;rs a;-n;liicn oeoPle d’c p-!rs inerr !,:i;cr v.:iia:-. rhe brenches. When e member- submilied an I j: c:ll,:n L –4. t,1r3 i-3f i/e rpel; 3n ile :crrli1ed a,’ricie i:l. ihe rcr:ihi’,’b,:iie’rir, i:cinling crt’l hai nearit: * – :li Sc,,:hern A.A. Ercup: ard a gieel rrany Ncri’ne.n cne: .’a-.1.4: -a’4,- ‘1tr i-e:1i”;lg lta’::r:l:-‘ E :”-:i= :l Qa-i .B ic .:ci:ii,, segr-egal:i, eni ‘ihai A.A”‘s Negro rnemberi.: -‘=tr; i;,’ae ‘i,’i3i vre 5pelc an ecil:caiicl’:;:’ “.,e :^’l rro’ia,ec ic li.r” pu.n w:rh the grow,rg prcblem.ci ft E:ae-:.:;= rrlril’:! c.:i! -ie r’:ii;r $15 ni .-^-a ” ln eci:r:lri: $3C r’: r ‘cr ii’ \lecr: =:’;r,rir.in, ‘ihe eii:tie i’,as -l-urned dcwn on the ‘- :e.jrca, .si.e, $ iCC *ilil.. 9.’:-rr: +r:r ii “righi iisr-upl A’A’ r-lniiy'” lccal A A’ 3,; m3;rieii;n:e $500 r,”i!lr1 ir *_”gt I :1._:s- ::’^t _t-_, Jr..,,–r 3.3 iree fioi’: ani natlcnal ccntroi olher ihan nror-ol .o esi mc-res based or- = iuol c i i’-‘:’ L—r iiee ‘:r I
i.,”si,.-n. Tf.ar ever this,nfluence shauld be v’lthheid cn so i
ir.!a,i::r+3t a cclri seer.ed-l i me a ser^ict-:: errcr- ii ls, i I cr;blic rreni;i i:c:pii.-,ii I’rl i:* :t::rec r’-‘” a c:’n: is’r’ Cr: rcy/-ve. r: i=ec,ig w ii.’lhe faci inai ihere ere nc Negroes r ;v;eive oii:.kers beccr”,”e: e t ;lcorc ‘c: le’l’!0 :ee-:’ or ihe headoi,o,-iei. sia{i or cn any oi the n,rme:-olls A’A’ :r:4C,CCul ,nilrie: ,: 7e.f r:sl’i f:ri: ihe r-rir’trr^e oi al:c- ,:eilcn.:i’cca,’ds enci ccrnmiiiees. ,i $
nc: e,.ci irasi: ? LOC peo?;e iie annuaiiy cf clri-nosls 6 ,riliion l-he r:olic r c^ tlui-i;.irlons l repor-ied ;: iikely totir’hen ccsi t,lllon iariii.: .rre sisc.weC 3-i ‘:lceicl aro l2 A.A. irs oice dcknowiecgeci ieadership in ii: field’ h
:iriidrer 5;.#3. fror ihei” c:re:-:i:’excessive drini<lr’q’ !n ii ls noi sr:r-pr”isinq tiai A’A’ ALCCHCLiCS AIICN’alulCUS ‘u,a-‘ fr rsi i:ublisheC a qiia’ rre lighi r{ -.ucr {igures, –^-^.-.1 >.:nr,l-16r ir * fri-,3r,,ei in’l.uncj.eis c’ihl;:.,:rds ier cf e ceriury agc, ii’scn universol eckncwleciqemeri . – -= 1 ) -::’, -af )- t” riar A.A. wr: v,lell in aciuence c{ ihe f;eic’ Bui rhcugh the redicel .rc -rs’.ichiairic orciessicns have bee n ra’-n:rkabl’; r FC ‘ My:v;n exoalienca :’*t:- A.A. Cates bac! r:c’e lr:i” si,;’n n:oi.’ling”l-o rerms vrlih aiccholic aidlcticn, mL’lch i.n r.u,-,. Wilie t rltinq : -reries ci atiicies ”rr ei:cnoi:si’ picqi.ss las iaiely beer made e ri -ie A.A Big Bcck fc. e na’iiona nacezire leiiencrei hlndre’fs ‘-l’n’A 1o lrave an out-c{-da+e, earl-‘ ceniur’;” hisiocai meeiinc: enc a nur’rtber ci:iere anJ regicn=1 afiriis ”r.-uo,””,”q tc.’c:i ,.uni. The !:card, hcrvever, has;-uied ihai nc a”i jeoeioced 6 u’iie acq’;eir-iar’cc5i’p ir ih= :’- ”r”-‘ j-..3:’rc.i si:*ll be socken. Desn’ie ire iaci ihai rhe i.i’; :riicles e.cu:ec ihe iiiere:i ci Blil * ‘ dno i ‘-: r:””;ac .ari:ir,: iile teems with exciling, reie’an’, lnior^med and ..’euuir-‘l-u, :-. : ::alci ccn:rirar”l-, :cr-ne ci A’A’: c:ol” .ra:.j-ir–i.iiute exoer-ienc3, ncle cf lt ‘.t pe:”n’ilied- to :;i ‘lr: :ri l:ilviti:s. -cDetri ,tr cook ic,^m. To puoiisr si:cn il’ler’:”ie ri rs feit’ -lh,: ri.c,-: :c,-:llr”: ,l rr!linl’.ei- ei r”cnihs ln i9o2 alc ‘,.),: c3 to rrsl here:y. As e res:li’ ;-‘ A- s csic’ai bcoks’ ‘l j ‘-1i31i,il7s; by f.esh i’;cL.:mer;a’: lcn and cc–ernpc:^-1-i ‘ — -.-..- –: –.1 :a;l-: ‘- : .C, : ‘::-::’ ,::eir-,re;a;icn,’fend tc sc.:no|’l1oi3 dr”ahalc e-:n'”edr’ Since rrr ….o,”-“.j1-1-.,’,, ‘=’=l.l – –; c:nl’:l– A’A’ ierbe:::” is ” ia::’lei i ccrcirded ihal A.A.’s narlcrai reda-qi’ieriers had been ii3: :C:ea.e:s ori il;: .a,l’-‘:. atj l:: -i1′””,’ ca.iuiei b.; an,lltr”:can:siru6tivc c:icue ihat v.’as Jcing ;Lsr,’ cdi be d,:cl.-r:j. ;3;’:;i’rec ii- = ri:: iene-i – c-i li r” ir:r’:i Ceil’ ti;536,3i; eppreciabie :.arir- Trl. iircing rv=’ :i co’-se’ i.:o not Sear saic’cefcre,:i’il* rece vei i:7 that clique ,,’,i’.cui in*rks ani, despiie- ihe Anvcne et:e .rrjeirei:,ng a :irller-. suive), l;f :lccicllsi”:-‘ ,i., ..i:.r:l e#cris ci c sn aii i.ea-lce::’ ..i+’/. w:i preverleC ircm -^e-54. ,\:-l:.i -i ^. -:… 3r…r :.”‘r-eiiiinc -ie <jeleoaie3 ‘ i:ie .er,< eni file fcr v”‘hcr-;r ll’ – — : .,”r: in-;ncei. A.A. a’iel-.:rr i:. r;1lcro: c{ilr*, ba=t: ,1,* -*:aCUe .iaas I nt’s.e; :l’r::i ‘lii’.1-‘! ‘-:ii:e opel i:.:;il,,, i”e mai’k:: ci,i::’.,ii’rie I ,;:’j-ire – afluence e::’ :i,.c ct:,d’-lli i’g 1:;::i’.’il c::er-illi:ielie:: -;a :a:r..::;r;ec atiia:.,a:r:r ii:n; :{l,relc= begeiserc:iinria;ir,c swec:lri r: t-ie=t i::;;’l:3 -tc’:””t ci ir* r’:eii’i,,ei!r’l:,.r:c! 113r:r:: ::3r.:”rl=’ iv+:;:’:r:’ Fi:.’i”:ril.., lcr i:,’,’- :i^:’-.+.’- -^- iri:i:ence :i ,rua -” aro”,–‘-ii’ : ‘:ll..lel ci l’r:: ci:s=’: i: -:’ea’l i:tfcir,rl*er: cn ic:=; :r-.i,.S i1 r::l Cec::i,e. “Cl,-iic:e ,. ,1 :r;:,::,:i .:=a-ir-, f’:::r c l:i:i ‘::::-: 1-:’:-l” :::*i.i. ]ill ‘”l. ii.i r’ara.:;r’f 1 r”11;l;’ar:i l::;”:- ar’: .o .j;.,:: t”.Y=,=”a’3l’ 11g,r”:ii-ga’:-,:.: d Yaaa ‘:el iitemi”el l”c :r:;r :a-:lae :i i:: :l:’r-:’:i lnscli:lic’r’ :”:’: ”s- l”i a::;l* :;;;.1 e ;:- ‘ it- : : —-..:1,:,,,-li1g -ll] : :.:’:it’, -i r-rtr::11: -‘:l i’::iq : – -i{3 -: :lf ii-:lci::i:l: il -::-+-‘;r-a iie:r’:::rc;J’ .”-e aa.,,r-.4, il il:e:ti’;rlcr’i’:lca a-: — . :-,:i…:r L,.:slrr ” j:,:::.iaree cc;i;lr: r:a{ ila r:l: iL= ‘i ii] :l:ii i:i:tes:r” ,.-‘,:1, s,.: y ai .:.i.:.y:i lr :,vinq aaaalica iircte ide:ls *lr: :lri,’ ai:5iil i”i: Y’-‘:-”-:”:’ : r’:.r’::: i-‘i:;: .:::: ;-:r’:li: rC 1€J araa,E ‘di4j::ave: ri=t” :Cri;ve I-:’ci.:r .:;1- ri3 a;-J,:,.,”ag: iil ll; ;1;i’1’1: :i’il :r:t:- ‘ .r:,i: j;.: ii ::i,:,,:-:.. : i.:! :a:,lla -i,,- : :::: -l-r:r ‘-‘:: * a–, = i:r.acr r;r’liii;, :r ercl,iess e:i,gilrerei i.:r’cle:i;1-1-,:]r..a:,3i :l: : –l^ — -:= – I = -;:1;.-1;1;:-1 :i=- :i.:r;:r:,- : !::i-rll.ia:’:a::1+:” :: 3:i11 il ai 3a); I ::., .iJa:,. ;:, .:tir a’::Si,:,:,:t”:lr b: :. c,lCr:!3C E,=.e,1: Cr::il:’ r3 -a:iri: ‘l:t. !3i:f’i::?i; ””’*’::::l;:: “al-.
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